%general-entities; ]> $LastChangedBy: bdubbs $ $Date: 2015-02-26 23:16:43 -0500 (Thu, 26 Feb 2015) $ qemu qemu is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V). &lfs77_checked; Package Information Download (HTTP): Download (FTP): Download MD5 sum: &qemu-md5sum; Download size: &qemu-size; Estimated disk space required: &qemu-buildsize; Estimated build time: &qemu-time; Qemu Dependencies Required , , and Recommended Optional , , , , and This optional dependencies list is not comprehensive. See the output of ./configure --help for a more complete list. User Notes: Before building qemu, check to see if your processor supports Virtualization Technology (VT): egrep '^flags.*(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo If you get any output, you have VT technology (vmx for Intel processors and svm for AMD processors). You then need to go into your system BIOS and ensure it is enabled. After enabing, reboot back to your LFS instance. Enable the following options in the kernel configuration and recompile the kernel if necessary: [*] Virtualization: ---> [CONFIG_VIRTUALIZATION] <*/M> Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) support [CONFIG_KVM] <*/M> KVM for Intel processors support [CONFIG_KVM_INTEL] <*/M> KVM for AMD processors support [CONFIG_KVM_AMD] qemu The Intel or AMD settings are not both required, but the one matching your system processor is required. For networking, check that is installed and the following options in the kernel configuration are enabled: [*] Networking support ---> [CONFIG_NET] Networking options ---> <*/M> 802.1d Ethernet Bridging [CONFIG_BRIDGE] Device Drivers ---> [*] Network device support ---> [CONFIG_NETDEVICES] <*/M> Universal TUN/TAP device driver support [CONFIG_TUN] Install qemu by running the following commands: sed -i '/resource/ i#include <sys/xattr.h>' fsdev/virtfs-proxy-helper.c && ./configure --prefix=/usr \ --sysconfdir=/etc \ --docdir=/usr/share/doc/qemu-&qemu-version; \ --target-list=x86_64-softmmu && make To run the built in tests, run make V=1 check. Now, as the root user: make install && [ -e /usr/lib/libcacard.so ] && chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libcacard.so You will need a dedicated group that will contain users (other than root) allowed to access the KVM device. Create this group by running the following command as the root user: groupadd -g 61 kvm Add any users that might use the KVM device to that group: usermod -a -G kvm <username> You will also need to add a Udev rule so that the KVM device gets correct permissions: cat > /lib/udev/rules.d/65-kvm.rules << "EOF" KERNEL=="kvm", GROUP="kvm", MODE="0660" EOF For convenience you may want to create a symbolic link to run qemu-system-x86_64: ln -sv qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/bin/qemu sed ... virtfs-proxy-helper.c: Fix a build problem due to changes in some versions of the glibc include file sys/xattr.h. --target-list=x86_64-softmmu: This switch limits the build target to the x86_64 architecture. For other hardware emulation see the --target-list list in configure's help output. Omitting this option will build all architectures. --audio-drv-list=alsa: This switch sets the audio driver to ALSA. For other drivers see the --audio-drv-list list in configure's help output. The default audio driver is OSS. To generate an image, run: qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G Adjust the virtual disk size and image filename as desired. The actual size of the file will be less than specified, but will expand as it is used. The following instructions assume you have created the optional symbolic link, qemu. Additionally, you must run qemu from an X Window System based terminal. To install an operating system, download an iso of your choice or use a pre-installed cdrom device. For the purposes of this example, use Fedora 16 that is downloaded as Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-LXDE.iso in the current directory. Run the following: qemu -enable-kvm -hda vdisk.img \ -cdrom Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-LXDE.iso \ -boot d \ -m 384 Follow the normal installation procedures for the chosen distribution. The -boot option specifies the boot order of drives as a string of drive letters. Valid drive letters are: a, b (floppy 1 and 2), c (first hard disk), d (first CD-ROM). The -m option is the amount of memory to use for the virtual machine. If you have sufficient memory (2G or more), 1G is a reasonable value. For computers with 512MB of RAM it's safe to use -m 192, or even -m 128 (the default). The -enable-kvm option allows for hardware acceleeration. Without this switch, the emulation is relatively slow. To run the newly installed operating system, run: qemu -enable-kvm vdisk.img -m 384 To add networking to the instance add "-net nic -net user" to the command above. qemu provides a DHCP server for the VM and, depending on the client system, sets up networking though the host. One problem with the above networking solution is that it does not provide the ability to connect with the local network. To do that, there are several additional steps that need to be done, all as the root user: Set up bridging with . Allow the host system to forward IP packets. sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 To make this permanent, add the command to /etc/syssysctl.conf: cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 EOF Allow the network connection when running as a part of the kvm group: chgrp kvm /usr/libexec/qemu-bridge-helper && chmod 4750 /usr/libexec/qemu-bridge-helper Set up a required configuration file: echo 'allow br0' > /etc/qemu/bridge.conf Start qemu with "-net nic -net bridge" options. If a connection, such as ssh, from the local network to the client VM is desired, the client should be configured with a static IP address. Installed Programs Installed Library Installed Directories qemu-ga, qemu-img, qemu-io, qemu-nbd, qemu-system-x86_64, virtfs-proxy-helper, and vscclient libcacard.so /etc/qemu, /usr/include/cacard, /usr/lib/qemu, /usr/share/qemu, and /usr/share/doc/qemu-&qemu-version; Short Description qemu-ga implements support for QMP (QEMU Monitor Protocol) commands and events that terminate and originate respectively within the guest using an agent built as part of QEMU. qemu-ga qemu-img provides commands to manage QEMU disk images. qemu-img qemu-io is a diagnostic and manipulation program for (virtual) memory media. It is still at an early stage of development. qemu-io qemu-nbd exports Qemu disk images using the QEMU Disk Network Block Device (NBD) protocol. qemu-nbd qemu-system-x86_64 is the QEMU PC System emulator. qemu-system-x86_64 libcacard.so is the Virtual Smart Card Emulator library. libcacard.so